Common Wiring Types
2. Decoding the Wire Jungle
Okay, let's dive into the world of wires! You might have heard terms like "Romex," "THHN," and "conduit," and frankly, it can sound like a foreign language. But don't worry, we'll translate! Let's start with the most common type you'll find in residential settings: NM-B, better known as Romex. This is the workhorse of home wiring, typically used for interior circuits like lights and outlets. It's relatively easy to install, but it's not suitable for outdoor or wet locations.
Next up, we have THHN/THWN. These individual insulated wires are usually pulled through a conduit (a protective metal or plastic tube). Think of it as giving your wires a safe, armored home. THHN/THWN is more resistant to moisture and heat than Romex, making it a good choice for certain outdoor applications and unfinished areas like garages or basements. The "N" in THHN stands for nylon, providing additional protection against abrasion.
Then there's UF cable (Underground Feeder cable). As the name suggests, this is designed for direct burial underground. It's used for powering things like landscape lighting, well pumps, or detached garages. UF cable is specifically designed to withstand moisture, corrosion, and physical damage from being buried. Basically, it's the wire equivalent of a tough, all-terrain vehicle.
Finally, let's talk about armored cable (AC). Also known as BX cable, this type has a flexible metal jacket that protects the wires inside. It's often used in older homes or in situations where extra protection is needed, like running wires through potentially hazardous areas. The metal jacket provides excellent protection against physical damage, making it a robust and reliable option.
